The US Center for Strategic and International Studies said that recent attacks on ports, cargo ships, and grain export facilities in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov have made it temporarily difficult for a significant portion of the world's wheat trade to enter the international market, and have begun to threaten the fertilizer trade. This is a clear upgrade in the attack on agriculture-related infrastructure since the Russian-Ukrainian war. Russia and Ukraine together account for about 27% of global wheat exports. Currently, about 70% of Russia's grain export capacity has been affected, and about 90% of Ukraine's grain shipping capacity has also gone offline due to blocked transportation at Black Sea ports. CSIS pointed out that the problem is not only the decline in exports between the two countries, but that alternative routes are difficult to quickly fill the gap: Russia has switched to Baltic Sea ports, and Ukraine is more dependent on railways, roads, and the Danube, but the capacity is limited and the cost is higher. Meanwhile, the blockage of shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, high fertilizer prices, and production cuts in the world's major wheat exporters are compounding, further increasing the risk of global food prices. CSIS believes that if attacks on the Black Sea continue for a long time, the first to be pressured will be developing countries that are highly dependent on food imports.

The US Center for Strategic and International Studies said that recent attacks on ports, cargo ships, and grain export facilities in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov have made it temporarily difficult for a significant portion of the world's wheat trade to enter the international market, and have begun to threaten the fertilizer trade. This is a clear upgrade in the attack on agriculture-related infrastructure since the Russian-Ukrainian war. Russia and Ukraine together account for about 27% of global wheat exports. Currently, about 70% of Russia's grain export capacity has been affected, and about 90% of Ukraine's grain shipping capacity has also gone offline due to blocked transportation at Black Sea ports. CSIS pointed out that the problem is not only the decline in exports between the two countries, but that alternative routes are difficult to quickly fill the gap: Russia has switched to Baltic Sea ports, and Ukraine is more dependent on railways, roads, and the Danube, but the capacity is limited and the cost is higher. Meanwhile, the blockage of shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, high fertilizer prices, and production cuts in the world's major wheat exporters are compounding, further increasing the risk of global food prices. CSIS believes that if attacks on the Black Sea continue for a long time, the first to be pressured will be developing countries that are highly dependent on food imports.