The Nikkei 225 tumbled 784.82 points, or 1.6%, to 49,383.29.
Japan’s flash composite PMI indicated a softer expansion in December, coming in at 51.5 compared to the previous month’s 52.
In Hong Kong, the Hang Seng lost 393.47 points, or 1.5%, to 25,235.41.
South Korea’s Kospi lost 2.24%, leading losses in Asia and closing at 3,999.13, while the small-cap Kosdaq fell 2.42% to 916.11. This is the first time in nearly two weeks that the Kospi had fallen below the 4,000 mark.
Shares of Korea Zinc plunged almost 14% after the company reportedly agreed to sell $1.9 billion of shares to a joint venture controlled by the U.S. government and unnamed U.S.-based strategic investors, according to Reuters.
Medical treatment company ADEL signed a drug development deal with French pharma giant Sanofi worth up to $1.04 billion, according to the South Korean-based company late Monday.
Flash purchasing managers index numbers from S&P Global showed that business activity expanded at a slower pace in Australia in December, with the composite PMI falling to 51.1 from November’s 52.6.
In other markets
The CSI 300 in Shanghai fell 54.51 points, or 1.2%, to 4,497.56.
In Korea, the Kospi fell 91.46 points, or 2.2%, to 3,999.13
In Singapore, the Straits Times Index reversed 9.44 points, or 0.2%, to 4,569.73.
In Taiwan, the Taiex stumbled 330.28 points, or 1.2%, to 27,536.66.
In New Zealand, the NZX 50 edged up 16.82 points, or 0.1%, to 13,424.95.
In Australia, the ASX 200 slid 36.09 points, or 0.4%, to 8,598.95.